Table 1.
Characteristics of included guidelines and consensus statements
| Developer | Year | Country | Funding source | Target population | Target users | Guideline writers | Guideline review | Guideline update | Methods support | Evidence base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | ||||||||||
| NIV | 2012 | Netherlands | Government funding | Adults with hyponatremia | Clinicians, Internists | Multidisciplinary internists, epidemiologist | Dutch Association of Internists (NIV), expert peer review | In case of breakthrough changes in diagnosis or treatment | PROVA – company specialized in Evidence Based Guideline Development | Systematic literature review |
| NHS | 2011 | UK | NS | Adults with hyponatremia in primary care | Primary care professionals within NHS | NS | NS | Planned in 2015 | NS | Systematic literature review |
| GAIN* | 2010 | Northern Ireland | Government funding | Adults with hyponatremia | NS | Multidisciplinary anesthetists, clinical chemist, nephrologist | NS | 3 years | NS | NS |
| AEEH* | 2003-2004 | Spain | NS | Patients with cirrhosis | NS | Gastroenterologists | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| EHN* | 2013 | Spain | NS | Hospitalized patients with SIADH | NS | Multidisciplinary endocrinologists, nephrologists, internists, hospital pharmacist | NS | NS | NS | Consensus statements |
| ERBP/ESE/ESICM | 2014 | Europe | Unrestricted grant from participating societies | Adults with hyponatremia | Health care professionals dealing with hyponatremia | Multidisciplinary nephrologists, endocrinologists, general internists, critical care physicians | External review by KHA-CARI, ESA, and members ERA-EDTA | 5 years or earlier in case of new evidence requiring changes | ERBP methods support team | Systematic literature review |
| North America | ||||||||||
| UF | 2008-2009 | USA | NS | Neurosurgery patients with hyponatremia | NS | Multidisciplinary neurosurgeons, nurse practitioners, nephrologists, critical care physician, endocrinologist, pharmacist, nurses | NS | NS | NS | Systematic literature review |
| HEP | 2013 | USA | Funding Unrestricted educational grant from pharmaceutical company | Patients with hyponatremia | NS | Endocrinologist, nephrologists | NS | NS | NS | Systematic literature review |
| Australia | ||||||||||
| RCHM* | 2012 | Australia | NS | Children | NS | NS | External review within the hospital where appropriate’ | 12 to 24 months | NS | NS |
| International | ||||||||||
| EAH- ICD* | 2007 | USA, Canada, UK, Switzer-land, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand, Australia | No commercial sponsorship’ | People with exercise-associated hyponatremia | Medical personnel, athletes, greater public | Multidisciplinary endocrinologist, epidemiologist, nephrologists, emergency medicine physician, general practitioner, internist, sports physicians, exercise physiologists | NS | NS | NS | Systematic literature review |
NIV, Nederlandse Internisten Vereniging [16]; NHS, National Health Service [17]; GAIN, Guidelines and Audit Implementation Network [22]; AEEH, La Asociación Española para el Estudio del Hígado [23]; EHN, European Hyponatremia Network [25]; ERBP, European Renal Best Practice; ESE, European Society of Endocrinology; ESICM, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine [20]; UF, University of Florida [18]; HEP, Hyponatremia Expert Panel [19]; RCH Melbourne, the Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne [21]; EAH-ICD, International Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia Consensus Development Conference [24]; [Na], Serum sodium concentration; NS, Not stated; KHA-CARI, Kidney Health Australia, Caring for Australasians with Renal Impairment; ESA, Endocrine Society of Australia; ERA-EDTA, European Renal Association; European Dialysis and Transplant Association; *Classified as consensus statement.