Table 2.
Relationship between covariates and autism diagnosis (N=960 cases, 960 comparison subjects)
| Cases | Comparison Subjects |
P1 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age, Mean (SD) | 30.15 (5.34) | 29.24 (5.28) | 0.001 |
| Paternal age, Mean, (SD)2 | 32.98 (6.47) | 31.64 (6.04) | <0.01 |
| Previous births, N (%) | 0.001 | ||
| 0 | 328 (34.17) | 410 (42.71) | |
| ≥1 | 632 (65.83) | 550 (57.29) | |
| Maternal socioeconomic status3, N (%) | 0.83 | ||
| Upper white collar | 111 (14.23) | 120 (15.77) | |
| Lower white collar | 354 (45.38) | 346 (45.47) | |
| Blue collar | 169 (21.67) | 159 (20.89) | |
| Other4 | 146 (18.72) | 136 (17.87) | |
| Preterm birth, N (%)5 | 0.17 | ||
| <37 weeks | 61 (6.35) | 47 (4.9) | |
| ≥37 weeks | 899 (93.65) | 913 (95.1) | |
| Low birthweight, N (%)6 | 0.02 | ||
| <2500 g | 45 (4.69) | 26 (2.71) | |
| ≥2500 g | 915 (95.31) | 934 (97.29) | |
| Weight for gestational age, N (%)7 | 0.45 | ||
| SGA | 38 (3.96) | 28 (2.92) | |
| AGA | 896 (93.33) | 907 (94.48) | |
| LGA | 26 (2.71) | 25 (2.60) | |
| Family history, N (%) | |||
| Any maternal psychiatric disorder | 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 78 (8.13) | 43 (4.48) | |
| No | 882 (91.88) | 917 (95.52) | |
| Any parental psychiatric disorder | 0.009 | ||
| Yes | 148 (15.42) | 109 (11.35) | |
| No | 812 (84.58) | 851 (88.65) | |
| Gestational week blood draw, Mean (SD) | 11.06 (3.06) | 10.93 (3.52) | 0.74 |
P values for maternal age, paternal age, and gestational week calculated by T-test; P values for previous birth, maternal socioeconomic status, preterm birth, low birthweight, weight for gestational age, and family history were calculated using Chi-square test
Frequency missing: cases: N=17; comparison subjects: N=5
Frequency missing: cases: N=180; comparison subjects: N=199
Includes individuals both within and outside the documented labor force (housewives, unemployed, students, retired, and self employed entrepreneurs).
Frequency missing: cases: N=4; comparison subjects: N=6
Frequency missing: cases: N=2; comparison subjects: N=4
SGA = Small for gestational age (< 2 SD); AGA = Average for gestational age (−2 SD to +2 SD); LGA = Large for gestational age (>2 SD). Calculated according to national sex-specific Finnish weight distribution standards at a given gestational age.