Table 1. Currently used drugs reported to exhibit reduced non-renal clearance and/or increased oral bioavailability in CKD patients^a.

Acyclovir	Dihydrocodeineb,c	Nortriptyline
Aliskiren	Desmethyldiazepam	Oxprenololb,c
Alfuzosin	Duloxetine	Procainamided
Aprepitant	Encainide	Propoxypheneb
Aztreonam	Eprosartan	Propranololb
Bupropion	Erythromycinb	Quinapril
Captopril	Felbamate	Raloxifene
Capsofungin	5-Fluorouracil	Ranolazine
Carvedilol	Guanadrel	Reboxetine
Cefepime	Imipenem	Repaglinide
Cefmenoxime	Isoniazidd	Rosuvastatin
Cefmetazole	Ketoprofen	Roxithromycin
Cefonicid	Ketorolac	Simvastatin
Cefotaxime	Lanthanum	Solifenacin
Ceftibuten	Lidocaine	Sparfloxacin
Ceftizoxime	Lomefloxacin	Tacrolimus
Cefsulodin	Losartan	Tadalafil
Ceftriaxone	Lovastatin	Telithromycin
Cibenzolin	Metoclopromide	Valsartan
Cilastatin	Minoxidil	Vancomycin
Cimetidine	Morphinec	Vardenafil
Ciprofloxaxin	Moxalactam	Verapamilb
Cyclophophamide	Nefopam	Warfarin
Darifenacin	Nicardipineb	Zidovudinec
Diacereinc	Nimodipine
Didanosine	Nitrendipine

Modified and updated from Nolin¹⁶ and Dreisbach & Lertora⁶

^aExcept where noted, nearly all the listed drugs undergo oxidative metabolism mediated by CYPs.

^bDrugs known to exhibit an increase in oral bioavailability as well as a reduced non-renal clearance.

^cDrugs that mainly undergo O-glucuronidation.

^dDrugs that mainly undergo N-acetylation.