Table 3.
Cardiovascular structure and function in subjects according to TAPSE assessed RV function.
| Upper and middle combined |
Upper tertile TAPSE ≥ 20 mm |
Middle tertile TAPSE 16-19 mm |
Lower tertile TAPSE ≤ 15 mm |
Across group p value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 323 | 178 | 145 | 177 | |
| LV structure | |||||
| LVEDd/BSA, mm/m2 | 25.4 (23.3-27.7) | 25.2 (23.1-27.0) | 26.4 (23.6-28.3) † | 25.3 (22.6-28.1) | 0.10 |
| LV mass/BSA | 98 (84-118) | 94 (83-112) | 101 (84-123) | 96 (82-122) | 0.32 |
| LV mass/height1.4 | 94 (77-115) | 91 (75-113) | 96 (80-117) | 91 (77-115) | 0.48 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.44 (0.39-0.51) | 0.44 (0.39-0.52) | 0.44 (0.39-0.50) | 0.45 (0.40-0.50) | 0.67 |
| LV systolic function | |||||
| Ejection fraction, % | 61 (56-66) | 62 (58-66) | 60 (55-66) | 60 (55-65) | 0.05 |
| Stroke volume/BSA, ml/m | 45 (39-51) | 45 (40-51) | 44 (37-51) | 40 (33-48) ‡ | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 3.0 (2.6-3.7) | 3.0 (2.6-3.7) | 3.0 (2.6-3.6) | 2.9 (2.4-3.4) ‡ | 0.10 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 69 (60-78) | 67 (59-77) | 68 (60-80) | 71 (62-82) ‡ | 0.02 |
| LV diastolic function | |||||
| Left atrial volume/BSA, ml/m2 | 44 (34-53) | 44 (35-52) | 44 (34-54) | 48 (38-57) ‡ | 0.03 |
| Medial e’, m/sec | 0.06 (0.04-0.07) | 0.06 (0.05-0.08) | 0.05 (0.04-0.07) | 0.06 (0.05-0.07) | 0.27 |
| E/e’ (medial e’) | 16 (11-20) | 15 (11-20) | 16 (11-23) | 18 (12-25) | 0.16 |
| Deceleration time, ms | 198 (173-232) | 203 (176-239) | 190 (169-227) | 185 (157-225) ‡ | 0.006 |
| Systemic arterial function | |||||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 135 (120-150) | 135 (120-150) | 135 (118-150) | 124 (110-137) ‡ | <0.0001 |
| Pulse pressure, mmHg | 66 (52-80) | 68 (53-80) | 65 (48-81) | 59 (47-72) ‡ | 0.0004 |
| Ea, mmHg/ml | 1.41 (1.17-1.65) | 1.36 (1.16-1.63) | 1.49 (1.21-1.70) | 1.50 (1.16-1.81) ‡ | 0.05 |
| SVR dyne*s*cm−5 | 1213 (1001-1485) | 1195 (997-1385) | 1247 (1010-1604) | 1246 (995-1543) | 0.14 |
| SAC, ml/mmHg | 1.33 (0.99-1.62) | 1.35 (0.99-1.61) | 1.30 (0.96-1.64) | 1.30 (0.99-1.77) | 0.78 |
| Right heart | |||||
| RV enlargement, n (%) | 84 (26) | 43 (25) | 41 (28) | 90 (52) ‡ | <0.0001 |
| Mod-Severe TR, n (%) | 52 (16) | 33 (19) | 19 (13) | 75 (42) ‡ | <0.0001 |
| PASP, mmHg | 46 (36-56) | 47 (36-56) | 45 (36-55) | 49 (39-60) ‡ | 0.04 |
| TAPSE, mm | 20 (18-23) | 23 (21-24) | 17 (16-18) | 12 (10-14) | NA |
| Semi-quantitative RVD, n (%) | 38 | 14 (8) | 24 (17) | 69 (39) ‡ | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: LV, left ventricular; LVEDd, LV end-diastolic dimension; BSA, body surface area, BP, blood pressures; Ea, arterial elastance, SVR, systemic vascular resistance; SAC, systemic arterial compliance, RV, right ventricular, TR, tricuspid valve regurgitation; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion: RVD, RV dysfunction
†
p<0.05 mid vs highest tertile
‡
p< 0.05 lowest vs highest and mid TAPSE tertile combined
Across group p value: Difference across the tertiles of TAPSE (lower, middle and upper tertiles), Kruskal Wallis test