Figure 2.
Overexpression of ATL1 Causes Dwarfing and Spontaneous Cell Death in Transgenic Arabidopsis.
(A) ATL1 protein accumulation in Arabidopsis increases in the presence of concanamycin A. Total protein was extracted from the ATL1 transgenic lines shown in (B) that were treated with 0.5 μM concanamycin A or mock treated for 16 h and immunoblotted with anti-mCherry.
(B) Overexpression of wild-type ATL1, but not a RING finger mutant form, induces dwarfing in Arabidopsis. Wild-type Col-0 plants were transformed with 35S:ATL1-mCherry or 35S:ATL1C153A/H155A-mCherry and grown for 4 weeks under short-day conditions. Bar = 1 cm.
(C) to (F) Overexpression of ATL1 induces cell death in Arabidopsis. Leaves from the plants shown in (B) were excised and stained with trypan blue. Dark staining in (E) indicates cell death. Bars = 25 μm.