Table 2.
Crude and adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for association between first-degree family history of urinary bladder cancer and recurrence-free and progression-free survival in NMIBC patients
| Univariable analysis |
Multivariable analysis1 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prognostic endpoint | FH− | FH+ | FH− | FH+ |
| Disease recurrence2 | ||||
| No. at risk | 1,335 | 98 | 1,260 | 94 |
| No. events3 | 572 | 34 | 542 | 32 |
| sHR (95% CI)4 | 1 (Ref) | 0.76 (0.54–1.07) | 1 (Ref) | 0.75 (0.53–1.07) |
| p | 0.11 | 0.11 | ||
| Disease progression | ||||
| No. at risk | 1,353 | 98 | 1,260 | 94 |
| No. events3 | 167 | 5 | 156 | 5 |
| sHR (95% CI)4 | 1 (Ref) | 0.41 (0.17–0.99) | 1 (Ref) | 0.45 (0.18–1.12) |
| p | 0.05 | 0.09 | ||
Recurrence and progression status could not be determined for two NMIBC patients with and 12 patients without a positive family history. Due to missing data for covariables, adjusted hazard ratios are based on a smaller number of patients.
Adjusted for age at diagnosis (continuous), gender (male/female), smoking status (never/former/current), number of brothers (0/1–2/≥3), number of sisters (0/1–2/≥3), initial treatment (TURT only/adjuvant i.v. chemotherapy/adjuvant i.v. immunotherapy/both adjuvant i.v. chemo- and immunotherapy), tumor stage (Ta/CIS/T1), tumor grade (low/high), concomitant CIS (no/yes), and tumor focality (solitary/multifocal). Effect estimates were pooled across the five datasets with imputations for missing values of tumor focality and treatment.
Nineteen patients treated with immediate radical cystectomy were excluded from the recurrence-free survival analysis, as they were not at risk of (intravesical) recurrence.
Number of events within five years after first UBC diagnosis.
Effect estimates based on (Fine and Gray) competing risk regression.
Abbreviations: FH = family history; Ref = reference; NMIBC = non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer; sHR = subdistribution hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.