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Survival of L. monocytogenes EGD-e (solid symbols) and the ΔsigB mutant (open symbols) after freeze-thaw cycles. Freeze-thaw cycles were performed with exponential-phase cells (♦ and ⋄), cells preexposed to pH 4.5 for 1 h (▴ and ▵), and cells preexposed to 10°C for 4 h (• and ○). The error bars indicate standard errors.
