Taxonomic distributions of bacterial phyla (A) and classes (B) in the phyllosphere, water, and soil bacterial communities. Each bar represents the average value of three or four replicates in each sample group. Phyla in panel B are distinguished by colors as shown in panel A. Numbers on the right are the counts for the total phyla or classes and the respective standard deviation (SD) in parentheses observed in each sample group. Letters represented results from one-way ANOVA of the phylum or class richness. The same letter indicates no significant difference. P, phyllosphere; W, water; S, soil; O, original duckweed ready for transplantation; C, control.