Table 2.
Intervention Strategies
| Strategy | Region | Description | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Task shifting | Cameroon | • Effectiveness of integrating care for HTN by task shifting to “non-physician” clinician facilities | • Decreased systolic BP and diastolic BP.108 |
| Nigeria | • Pharmacist-managed HTN clinics | • Improved BP control, reduced treatment failure, increased patient satisfaction.109 | |
| Nigeria | • WHO launched a task-shifting evidence-based clinical decision support program targeted at CVD risk reduction at the primary health care level110 | • Decreased systolic and diastolic BP.111 | |
| South Africa | • Nurse-led program for patients with HTN | • Enhanced early detection, referral of poorly controlled patients, & improved nurses' knowledge. 112 | |
| Nurse-led Risk Reduction | South Africa | • Nurse-led program for patients with HTN | • Nurse-run care systems in SSA based on protocol/education are feasible.113 |
| • Local health system-wide nurse-led program used to follow patients with HTN in improved overall early detection and referral of high risk patients. 112 | |||
| mHealth Technology | Nigeria | • Survey to determine number of SSA clinic patients with mobile phones | • ~67% of clinic patients had mobile phones.33 |
| • Smart phone penetration in SSA is currently~25%,35 and rising rapidly each successive34 year. | |||
| Kenya | • Task-shifting strategy with technology (tablet-based electronic Decision Support & Integrated Record-Keeping) | • Approach was highly usable.114 | |
| World | • Home tele-monitoring of chronic diseases | • Empowers patients, influences behaviors, improves medical conditions.91,115 | |
| • More effective when “augmented” with nurse-management. |
HTN=hypertension; SSA=Sub-Saharan Africa; BP=Blood Pressure; mhealth=mobile health