Bioburdens, direct counts, and viable counts of selected groups of drain bacteria in the simulator before and during product addition. Data are means ± standard deviations from two separate sample pans. The schedule of QD addition is shown. Graphs show 5 days prior to dosing and then successive 2-day exposures to 0.2, 1.0, 10, and 50% QD. Symbols for LIVE/DEAD counts: •, total counts; , live-cell counts; ○, dead-cell counts.