Table 2.
Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients Without Concomitant Mitral Surgerya
| Variable | Group Significant-Post-MR (n = 13) Mean ± SD |
Group None/Mild-Post-MR (n = 64) Mean ± SD |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LVEDD, pre/post mm | 76.7 ± 8.5/67.5 ± 7.2 | 66.7 ± 11.4/55.6 ± 12.5 | 0.004/0.001 |
| LVESD, pre/post mm | 70.2 ± 7.5/62.3 ± 7.6 | 59.9 ± 12.1/49.7 ± 13.7 | <0.001/<0.001 |
| ΔLVEDD, mm | 9.2 ± 8.2 | 11.1 ± 10.5 | 0.533 |
| LVEF, pre/…b % | 16.2 ± 4.2 /… | 15.7 ± 6.5 /… | 0.819/… |
| %FS, pre/post % | 8.3 ± 4.9/7.8 ± 2.9 | 10.4 ± 6.1/11.1 ± 11.0 | 0.243/0.283 |
| Δ%FS, % | −0.5 ± 6.1 | 0.7 ± 11.7 | 0.711 |
| IVS, pre/post mm | 9.2 ± 2.8/11.2 ± 2.4 | 9.8 ± 2.9/10.2 ± 3.3 | 0.515 /0.302 |
| LAA, pre/post mm2 | 36.3 ± 10.5/26.5 ± 9.1 | 26.7 ± 6.6/20.3 ± 6.3 | 0.007/0.004 |
| ΔLAA, mm2 | 9.8 ± 9.9 | 6.5 ± 6.1 | 0.265 |
| Annulus size, pre/post mm | 40.1 ± 4.9/36.9 ± 4.6 | 36.8 ± 5.0/31.6 ± 5.0 | 0.033/0.001 |
| ΔAnnulus size, mm | 3.2 ± 5.4 | 5.7 ± 5.7 | 0.147 |
| DA, pre/post mm | 17.4 ± 3.0/16.3 ± 3.6 | 16.0 ± 3.9/13.7 ± 3.8 | 0.218/0.027 |
| ΔDA, mm | 1.2 ± 3.7 | 2.5 ± 4.4 | 0.302 |
| DP, pre/post mm | 29.8 ± 6.8/25.9 ± 5.1 | 24.2 ± 5.0/18.7 ± 5.5 | 0.001/<0.001 |
| ΔDP, mm | 3.9 ± 3.1 | 5.7 ± 6.2 | 0.118 |
| Tethering area, pre/post mm2 | 353 ± 90/306 ± 97 | 299 ± 97/215 ± 80 | 0.065/0.001 |
| ΔTethering area, mm2 | 47 ± 105 | 83 ± 87 | 0.196 |
| PM distance, pre/post mm | 48.9 ± 9.4/42.8 ± 8.0 | 42.5 ± 7.9/35.5 ± 7.2 | 0.012/0.001 |
| ΔPM distance, mm | 6.2 ± 8.7 | 8.2 ± 9.8 | 0.492 |
| PM distance proportion, pre/post % | 63.8 ± 9.5/64.7 ± 9.6 | 63.5 ± 10.3/64.6 ± 15.2 | 0.758/0.803 |
| ΔPM distance proportion, % | 0.3 ± 11.9 | 0.2 ± 15.5 | 0.985 |
| Tethering proportion, pre/post % | 60.9 ± 15.0/65.0 ± 17.8 | 68.9 ± 21.6/79.6 ± 32.0 | 0.209/0.117 |
| ΔTethering proportion, % | −4.1 ± 15.8 | −11.2 ± 31.3 | 0.236 |
| Calcification score | 0.23 ± 0.44 | 0.14 ± 0.43 | 0.496 |
| Ratio of MRA to LAA, pre/post % | 43.8 ± 15.4/43.0 ± 11.4 | 27.3 ± 17.9/6.5 ± 9.3 | <0.001/<0.001 |
| ΔRatio of MRA to LAA, % | 0.8 ± 13.4 | 20.8 ± 17.0 | <0.001 |
Δ, change of the value before and after LVAD implantation; DA, apical displacement; DP, posterior displacement; FS, fractional shortening; IVS, interventricular septum wall thickness; LAA, left atrial area; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; MRA, mitral regurgitation area; PM, papillary muscle; post, value obtained after surgery; pre, value obtained before surgery.
a
Data shown in bold type are statistically significant.
b
Postoperative LVEF was not measurable by modified Simpson's methods due to the left ventricular assist device inflow cannula.