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. 2014 Sep 5;33(10):2259–2272. doi: 10.1002/etc.2684

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© 2014 The Authors. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Acute 4-d median lethal concentration (LC50) or median effect concentration (EC50) for cadmium, copper, and zinc for (A) white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and (B) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at various life stages, compared with US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) hardness-based ambient water-quality criteria (AWQC) adjusted to test water-quality characteristics. Error bars represent 95% confidence limts. FAV = final acute value; dph = days posthatch.