Figure 1. Post-injury berberine treatment improved long-term neurobehavioral functions without affecting body weight.

(A) There were no significant differences in body weight between the vehicle control and 10 mg·kg⁻¹ berberine treatment groups during the 28-day observation period post-TBI. (B) Berberine significantly increased the rotarod running time compared with vehicle-treated mice on days 1, 7, 21, and 28 post-CCI. (C) Beam walk latencies were significantly shorter for the 10 mg·kg⁻¹ berberine group than the vehicle control group at 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28 days post-CCI. (D) The mNSSs were significantly lower in the 10 mg·kg⁻¹ berberine group than the vehicle group at all time points analyzed after injury. Values are presented as mean ± SEM; ^# P<0.05, ^## P<0.01, and ^### P<0.001 vs. the vehicle control group as determined by two-way ANOVA. (n = 12 mice/group).