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. 2014 Dec 29;9(12):e115694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115694

Figure 7. Berberine inhibited IL-1β-induced activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in mixed glia and attenuated IL-1β-induced microglial activation.

Figure 7

Representative immunoblots showing that co-treatment of 50 µM berberine with IL-1β for 1 day significantly reduced IL-1β-induced (A) toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression (B) adapter protein myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) expression (C) p65 nuclear translocation (D) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and (E) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by primary mixed glia. (F, G) Co-treatment of 50 µM berberine with IL-1β for 1 day significantly reduced IL-1β-induced secretion of IL-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-2) as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from the supernatant of mixed glial cultures. Co-treatment of 50 µM berberine with IL-1β for 2 days significantly attenuated IL-1β-induced release of (H) nitric oxide (NO), (I) IL-6 and (J) MIP-2 from the supernatant of primary microglial cultures. Values are presented as mean ± SEM of four independent experiments. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001 vs. the normal control; # P<0.05, ## P<0.01, ### P<0.001 vs. IL-1β stimulation alone as determined by one-way ANOVA.