TABLE 3.
Prevalence of E-Cigarette Ever-Use (n and Row %) by Usage Groups, With Cell χ2 Tests
| Demographic Subgroup (n) | Usage Group (Marginal Row %) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonuser | E-Cigarette Only | Cigarette Only | Dual Use | |
| (68%) | (17%) | (3%) | (12%) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female (1029) | 719 (70%) | 162 (16%) | 37 (4%) | 111 (11%) |
| Male (894) | 595 (67%) | 167 (19%) | 16 (2%) | 116 (13%) |
| Grade | ||||
| 9th grade (1104) | 773 (69%) | 203 (19%) | 31 (3%) | 97 (9%)** |
| 10th grade (825) | 544 (65%) | 128 (16%) | 23 (3%) | 130 (16%)*** |
| Family structure | ||||
| Single parent (313) | 177 (56%)** | 69 (22%)* | 15 (5%)* | 52 (17%)** |
| Blended family (247) | 134 (54%)** | 40 (16%) | 14 (6%)** | 59 (24%)*** |
| Intact family (1146) | 868 (76%)** | 165 (14%)* | 22 (2%) | 91 (8%)*** |
| Extended family (218) | 134 (61%) | 56 (26%)** | 2 (1%) | 26 (12%) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Asian American (380) | 328 (86%)*** | 23 (6%)*** | 5 (1%) | 24 (6%)** |
| Caucasian (316) | 232 (73%) | 45 (14%) | 12 (4%) | 27 (9%) |
| Filipino (595) | 385 (65%) | 135 (23%)*** | 12 (2%) | 63 (11%) |
| Native Hawaiian (378) | 206 (54%)*** | 82 (22%)* | 13 (3%) | 77 (20%)*** |
| Parental education | ||||
| Lower education (528) | 320 (61%)* | 115 (22%)** | 9 (2%) | 84 (16%)*** |
| Higher education (954)a | 708 (74%) | 139 (15%) | 26 (3%) | 81 (8%)** |
Asterisks indicate cell departure from expectation, based on cell χ2with 1 degree of freedom. *Indicates cell χ2 significant at P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001. Overall χ2 tests are as follows: for gender, χ2 (3) = 10.8, P = .01; for grade, χ2 (3) = 22.9, P < .001; for family structure, χ2 (9) = 112.0, P < .001; for ethnicity, χ2 (9) = 118.3, P < .001; for parental education, χ2 (3) = 38.2, P < .001.
a
Coding is as follows: lower = up to high school graduate, higher = some college or more.