. 2014 Dec 14;18(6):701. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0701-z

Table 1.

Patient characteristics and outcome

	Septic patients		Non-septic overfed patients		Non-septic non-overfed patients		All patients		Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test or chi squared test, P -value
	n = 117		n = 307		n = 419		n = 843
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Male gender, %	64.1		60.3		64.9		63.1		0.426
Age, y	64.2	14.2	61.3	17.1	63.2	16.4	62.6	16.4	0.172
Weight, kg	75.6^a,b	20.3	74.2^a	18.4	78.4^b	16.7	76.5	18.0	0.006
Height, cm	172	10.7	172	9.7	173	9.6	172	9.8	0.804
Body mass index, kg/m2	25.4^a,b	5.8	25.0^a	5.8	26.3^b	5.2	25.7	5.5	0.006
Body mass index <18.5, %	6.8		7.2		2.1		4.6
Body mass index >30, %	12.8		12.7		18.5		15.3
APACHE II score	25.4^a	8.3	22.5^b	7.5	17.9^b	8.1	23.0	7.9	0.001
Respiratory rate, /minute^W	22	6	21	7	21	7	21	7	0.188
VO₂, ml/minute^W	264^a,b	69	254^a	51	278^b	60	268	60	<0.001
VCO₂, ml/minute^W	227^a,b	56	224^a	42	233^b	51	229	49	0.036
Respiratory quotient^W	0.87^a,b	0.10	0.89^a	0.11	0.84^b	0.10	0.86	0.11	<0.001
FiO₂, %^{W, Z}	40	40 to 45	40	40 to 45	40	40 to 45	40	40 to 45	0.075
Measured EE^x, kcal/d	1,808^a,b	359	1,776^a	318	1,886_b	347	1,835	342	<0.001
Estimated EE^y, kcal/d	1,991	415	1,983	365	2,049	368	2,017	375	0.048
Day 4 energy, kcal/d	1,673^a	703	2,234^b	430	1,337^c	608	1,710	699	<0.001
Day 4 intake/measuredEE	0.95^a	0.40	1.27^b	0.18	0.71^c	0.30	0.95	0.38	<0.001
Day 4 protein, g/kg	1.00^a	0.53	1.33^b	0.28	0.69^c	0.43	0.97	0.49	<0.001
Length of ventilation^z, d	18	12 to 29	16	10 to 28	17	10 to 28	17	10 to 28	0.495
Length of ICU stay^z, d	22	14 to 34	19	12 to 31	20	12 to 31	20	12 to 31	0.516
Length of hospital stay^z, d	32	21 to 55	37	22 to 59	35	21 to 59	35	21 to 59	0.544
ICU mortality, %	26.5		20.8		18.6		20.5		0.173
Hospital mortality, %	48.7		36.5		32.0		35.9		0.004

^{a, b, c}Values in the same row not sharing the same letter are significantly different at P <0.05 in a post-hoc Bonferroni analysis or pairwise comparison on analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test. ^WValue at time of energy expenditure measurement. ^xEnergy target defined by indirect calorimetry. ^yEnergy target defined by Harris Benedict formula +30%. ^zNon-normally distributed; data presented as median and 25^th to 75^th percentiles. P-values in bold indicate a significant test result. APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; VO₂, oxygen uptake; VCO₂, carbon dioxide elimination; FiO₂, inspired oxygen fraction; EE, energy expenditure.