Table 2.

Characteristics of patients and healthy subjects.

	Patients	Healthy subjects	P
	(n = 110)	(n = 100)
Age (mean ± SD)	42 ± 11	41 ± 11	0.92
Sex (M/F)	7/103	5/95	0.6
UER (%)	11.8	1	0.03*
Proptosis (%)	6.4	1	0.22
OSDI (mean ± SD)	32.7 ± 19.2	18.9 ± 14.8	<0.05*
Schirmer (mean ± SD)	10.9 ± 5.6	17.7 ± 6.8	<0.05*
TBUT (mean ± SD)	10.1 ± 2.6	13.2 ± 3.2	<0.05*

^*Statistically significant.

UER: upper eyelid retraction, TBUT: tear break-up time, OSDI: ocular surface disease index, M: male, and F: female.