Table 3.

Behavioral strategies for medication adherence among participants in the three intervention conditions.

3-Month Follow-up	Pictograph Guided (N = 158)		Standard Adherence (N = 163)		General Health Improvement (N = 151)		OR	p
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Pill Box	102	73	82	54	65	49	0.56	.01
Kept medications in an easily seen place	103	72	99	65	79	59	0.62	.01
Used a case or bag	98	69	91	60	80	60	0.85	ns
Clock/timer	53	37	36	24	33	25	0.56	.01
Watch alarm	45	31	30	20	28	21	0.62	.05
Friend or family	46	32	44	29	42	31	0.95	ns
Meal time	92	65	94	62	76	57	0.79	ns
Bed time	83	58	101	67	72	54	0.89	ns
Routine activity	75	52	77	51	55	41	0.75	ns
Moved medications	44	31	49	32	34	25	0.87	ns
Written notes/post its	22	15	16	10	20	15	0.99	ns
Calendar	51	36	59	39	42	31	0.90	ns
Reminders	35	25	35	23	20	15	0.58	.01
Total strategies (M,SD)
Total Sample	5.9a	3.1	5.3a	3.0	4.8b	3.2	3.4a	.05
Lower Literacy	6.1a	3.0	5.6a	3.4	4.7b	3.5	3.1b	.05
Marginal Literacy	5.7a	3.2	5.0b	3.6	4.9b	2.9
9-Month Follow-up
Pill Box	80	61	73	49	63	48	0.64	.05
Kept medications in an easily seen place	93	71	99	67	76	58	0.74	ns
Used a case or bag	88	67	96	65	74	56	0.80	ns
Clock/timer	49	37	38	25	22	16	0.37	.01
Watch alarm	38	29	42	28	18	14	0.61	.01
Friend or family	37	28	43	29	36	27	0.90	ns
Meal time	79	60	89	60	70	53	0.84	ns
Bed time	73	55	95	65	74	56	0.83	ns
Routine activity	63	48	75	51	49	37	0.69	.05
Moved medications	41	31	4	30	36	27	0.97	ns
Written notes/post its	17	13	20	13	18	13	0.85	ns
Calendar	47	25	53	35	39	30	0.88	ns
Reminders	27	21	31	21	21	16	0.75	ns
Total strategies (M,SD)
Total Sample	5.5a	3.0	5.3a	3.3	4.5b	3.1	2.70a	ns
Lower Literacy	5.6a	3.0	5.5a	3.5	4.3b	3.2
Marginal Literacy	5.5a	3.0	5.1a	2.9	4.8b	2.9	3.4b	.05

Note:

^aF-test for main effect of intervention condition;

^bF-test for interaction effect of intervention x literacy group.