Table 2.
Characteristics of TB patients who had both HbA1c done at baseline and 3-months
| Characteristics | Patients with HbA1c level at baseline and 3-months* N = 158 | p- value † | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal-Normal | Normal–Elevated | Elevated-Normal | Elevated-Elevated | ||
| Number of patients | 67 | 5 | 49 | 37 | |
| Age (Mean ± SD) yrs | 45.3 ± 22.3 | 58.2 ± 19.8 | 54.9 ± 21.2 | 62.9 ± 13.6 | 0.001 |
| Male gender | 34 (50.7%) | 2 (40%) | 22 (44.9%) | 19 (51.4%) | 0.78 |
| History of smoking | 25 (37.3%) | 0 | 8 (16.3%) | 11 (29.7%) | 0.05 |
| History of opium use | 15 (22.4%) | 1 (20%) | 8 (16.3%) | 7 (18.9%) | 0.71 |
| Positive HIV test | 3 (4.5%) | 0 | 2 (4.1%) | 0 | 0.43 |
| Diabetes mellitus(known) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 | 1 (2%) | 20 (54.1%) | 0.001 |
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 61 (91%) | 5 (100%) | 49 (100%) | 36 (97.3%) | 0.06 |
| Symptom duration (months) | 3.64 ± 3.38 | 5 ± 2.35 | 4.13 ± 3.72 | 3.92 ± 3.02 | 0.75 |
| Smear grade | 0.42 | ||||
| 3+ | 22 (32.8%) | 4 (80%) | 17 (34.7%) | 16 (43.2%) | |
| 2+ | 7 (10.4%) | 0 | 3 (6.1%) | 3 (8.1%) | |
| 1+ | 13 (19.4%) | 0 | 16 (32.7%) | 9 (24.3%) | |
| Scanty | 10 (14.9%) | 0 | 9 (18.4%) | 5 (13.5%) | |
| Negative | 15 (22.4%) | 1 (20%) | 4 (8.2%) | 4 (10.8%) | |
| Cavitary lesion | 29 (43.3%) | 3 (60%) | 19 (38.8%) | 24 (64.9%) | 0.04 |
| HbA1c (baseline) (%) | 5.9 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 | 0.01 |
| FBG (baseline) (mg/dl) | 96.1 ± 14.4 | 118.8 ± 34 | 104.6 ± 32.5 | 179.1 ± 73.1 | 0.001 |
*Normal level of HbA1c is considered less than 6.5% and elevated level is considered more than 6.5%.
† Student’s t-test and x2 test or Fisher exact is used when appropriate.
Abbreviations: TB tuberculosis, HbA1c Glycosylated haemoglobin, SD Standard deviation, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, FBG Fasting blood glucose.