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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acad Med. 2015 Jan;90(1):69–75. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000442

Table 3.

The Average Percentage of Words from Linguistic Categories in Critiques of Unfunded and Funded R01 Applications from Male and Female Investigators by Experience Level and Application Type, from a Text Analysis Study of 454 Critiques, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Fiscal Year 2008–2009a

Linguistic category New investigators
Experienced investigators
Type 1
Type 2
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Unfd
n = 27		 Fd
n = 18		 Unfd
n = 22		 Fd
n = 19		 Unfd
n = 70		 Fd
n = 56		 Unfd
n = 28		 Fd
n = 17		 Unfd
n = 70		 Fd
n = 51		 Unfd
n = 45		 Fd
n = 31
Word count 1,031 (134) 1,096 (154) 767 (145) 828 (153) 1,107 (88) 915 (93) 1,024 (143) 837 (168) 1,211 (88) 1,026 (97) 993 (111) 777 (124)
Ability .41 (.08) .49 (.09) .46 (.08) .57 (.09) .60 (.48) .56 (.05) .57 (.08) .70 (.09) .45 (.05) .53 (.05) .50 (.06) 1.14c (.07)
Achievement 2.60 (.22) 2.87 (.24) 2.97 (.23) 2.83 (.24) 2.68 (.97) 3.04 (.97) 2.94 (.98) 3.55 (.99) 3.03 (.97) 2.85 (.97) 3.00 (.97) 2.96 (.98)
Agentic .96 (.13) .90 (.15) .96 (.14) 1.26 (.15) 1.02 (.07) 1.04 (.08) 1.19 (.11) 1.52c (.15) 1.00 (.07) 1.01 (.08) 1.24 (.09) 2.72c (.10)
Negative 1.96 (.09) 1.87 (.11) 1.85 (.10) 1.21c (.11) 1.98 (.05) 1.95 (.06) 1.60b (.09) 1.13c (.11) 1.97 (.05) 1.97 (.06) 1.50b (.07) 1.16c (.08)
Positive 1.76 (.17) 2.25 (.20) 1.82 (.20) 3.26c (.20) 2.46 (.11) 2.73 (.11) 2.26 (.70) 2.41 (.21) 2.58 (.11) 2.74 (.12) 2.53 (.13) 2.74 (.15)
Research 2.54 (.30) 2.22 (.31) 2.74 (.32) 2.81 (.32) 2.61 (.20) 2.78 (.20) 2.67 (.25) 2.23 (.30) 2.80 (.20) 2.86 (.21) 2.96 (.21) 2.92 (.24)
Standout .11 (.03) .11 (.03) .15 (.03) .21c (.03) .12 (.01) .11 (.01) .12 (.02) .36c (.03) .11 (.01) .11 (.01) .24b (.02) .39c (.02)

Abbreviations: Unfd = unfunded; Fd = funded.

a

Numbers in table reflect estimated marginal means (and standard errors) of words by linguistic category in critiques of unfunded (Unfd) and funded (Fd) applications from New (n = 13) and Experienced Type 1 (n = 24) and Type 2 (n = 30) Investigators. N = 454 total critiques; n in table = number of critiques.

b

male vs. female investigators’ unfunded grant critiques, P < .01.

c

male vs. female investigators’ funded grant critiques, P < .01.