. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 30.

Published in final edited form as: Stat Methods Med Res. 2011 Aug 24;24(2):255–272. doi: 10.1177/0962280211416038

Table 4.

Estimated Power and Type I Error Given Imbalance

ρ	Simulated Power	t- or Z-statistic	Estimated Power\|Imbalance	Prob(Z ≥ observed)
−0.3	80.0%	1.2	70.0%	0.115
		2.04	60.0%	0.021
		2.8	50.0%	0.003

0.3	2.5%	1.35	5.0%	0.089
		1.91	7.5%	0.028
		2.35	10.0%	0.009

−0.6	80.0%	0.73	70.0%	0.233
		1.07	60.0%	0.142
		1.38	50.0%	0.084

0.6	2.5%	1.2	5.0%	0.115
		1.43	7.5%	0.076
		1.63	10.0%	0.052

−0.8	80.0%	0.71	70.0%	0.239
		0.9	60.0%	0.184
		1.07	50.0%	0.142

0.8	2.5%	1.27	5.0%	0.102
		1.44	7.5%	0.075
		1.56	10.0%	0.059