Table 1.

Heloderma venom peptides/proteins which have been proteomically characterized.

Protein Type/ Toxin Class	Toxic Action	Uniprot Accession #(s)
CRiSP (cysteine rich secretory protein)	Paralysis of peripheral smooth muscle and induction of hypothermia through blockage of various channels including ryanodine and L-type calcium channels.	Q91055
Exendin	Induces hypotension via relaxation of cardiac smooth muscle.	C6EVG1, C6EVG2, P04203, P04204, P20394, P26349
Helofensin	Lethal toxin that inhibits direct electrical stimulation of the isolated hemi-diaphragm.	C6EVG6, D2X5W3, D2X5W4, Q7LZ31
Kallikrein	Increase of vascular permeability, production of hypotension, stimulation of inflammation in addition to cleavage of fibrinogen.	P43685, C6EVG4, C6EVG5
B-type Natriuretic peptide/helokinestatin precursor	Natriuretic peptides produce hypotension through the relaxation of aortic smooth muscle. The helokinestatin peptides are antagonists of bradykinin at the B2 bradykinin receptor.	C6EVG7, D7FB56, D7FB57, E8ZCG5
Phospholipase A2 (Type III)	Inhibition of platelet aggregation via the epinephrine-induced pathway.	C6EVG9, C6EVH0