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Bars compare the mean maximum leaf heights of four focal species between the exclosure (protected from deer) and browsed plots (accessible by deer) as measured by the logarithm of their proportional differences. Depicted species differ significantly between treatments in a mixed model ANOVA using exclosure as the main effect and site as a random effect. Mitchella, Eurybia, and Diervilla have declined in the region over the past 50 years.
