Table 2.
Factor analysis of the Japanese version of the MMQL-AF
| Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | Factor 5 | Factor 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor 1: Social functioning & intimate relations | ||||||
| Have many close friends | .89 | .00 | .00 | -.09 | -.05 | .03 |
| Getting along well with people their age | .85 | -.01 | -.01 | .04 | -.09 | -.04 |
| Having a lot in common with their friends | .75 | .04 | -.12 | -.09 | -.09 | .05 |
| Being together with other people gives them a good feeling | .75 | -.09 | -.04 | -.03 | -.03 | .11 |
| Having similar hobbies and interests to people their age | .73 | -.07 | .00 | -.07 | .08 | .02 |
| Feel left out in groups of people their age | -.63 | -.17 | -.04 | -.05 | -.06 | .06 |
| Difficulty in making friends | -.57 | -.07 | -.08 | -.16 | -.11 | .13 |
| Find it easy to have an intimate relationship | .53 | .04 | .05 | .04 | .20 | -.03 |
| Believing that people like to be with them | .49 | -.08 | .15 | .06 | -.11 | .11 |
| Feel confident when they are with people of opposite sex | .48 | -.05 | .00 | .07 | .10 | -.03 |
| Factor 2: Psychological functioning | ||||||
| Feeling sad | -.01 | .88 | .03 | -.03 | -.08 | .01 |
| Feeling nervous or anxious | .01 | .88 | .05 | -.07 | .02 | -.07 |
| Feeling frightened | -.07 | .87 | .09 | -.04 | -.01 | -.01 |
| Feeling lonely | .13 | .80 | .05 | -.10 | .01 | -.12 |
| Feeling angry | .05 | .73 | .01 | .02 | -.11 | .04 |
| Worried about things in general | .00 | .60 | -.15 | -.02 | .11 | .09 |
| Worried about dying | -.08 | .50 | .02 | -.13 | .06 | .06 |
| Feeling tired during the day | .03 | .49 | -.04 | .34 | .02 | .03 |
| Worried about their health | -.18 | .41 | -.12 | .15 | .18 | .14 |
| Factor 3: Cognitive functioning | ||||||
| Difficulty with school work compared with others in class | -.03 | .05 | .80 | -.10 | .01 | -.03 |
| Homework or study is hard for them | .06 | .03 | -.77 | -.11 | .06 | -.06 |
| Difficulty in concentrating at school | .07 | .01 | -.70 | -.12 | .06 | -.08 |
| Difficulty in concentrating at work or school | -.01 | -.06 | .69 | -.03 | .20 | .00 |
| Needing more help with school work than others in class | .00 | .06 | -.66 | -.07 | .06 | -.14 |
| Difficulty with math or calculations | .11 | -.08 | .64 | -.09 | .16 | -.09 |
| Difficulty with reading or writing | -.03 | .12 | .62 | -.04 | -.03 | -.13 |
| Difficulty with remembering things at school/college | .05 | .07 | .61 | .02 | -.03 | .05 |
| Difficulty concentrating at other times (computer/games/playing cards/reading) | -.05 | -.03 | -.43 | .03 | .08 | -.14 |
| Factor 4: Physical functioning | ||||||
| Unable to keep up with others of their age when taking part in sports | -.05 | -.14 | .03 | .80 | -.05 | -.04 |
| Unable to do many activities because of health | .13 | .02 | .01 | -.80 | -.06 | .10 |
| Unable to do many activities because of arms or legs | -.04 | .06 | .01 | -.72 | .05 | .14 |
| Have a lot of energy for running or sports | .18 | -.06 | -.03 | .66 | -.04 | .06 |
| Feel strong and healthy | .04 | -.01 | -.01 | -.59 | -.14 | -.13 |
| Need time during day to rest | .00 | -.11 | -.24 | -.50 | .11 | -.01 |
| Have a lot of energy | .15 | .16 | -.16 | .49 | -.02 | .24 |
| Factor 5: Body image | ||||||
| Liking their body the way it is | -.08 | -.02 | -.02 | .02 | .74 | .15 |
| Feelings about their body development | .01 | .06 | -.06 | .01 | .72 | .03 |
| Being happy about the way they look | .11 | -.02 | .04 | -.24 | .68 | .11 |
| Feeling uncomfortable about the way their body is developing | .01 | .05 | .01 | -.26 | -.68 | .07 |
| Being satisfied about their weight | -.04 | .05 | .00 | -.19 | .66 | .00 |
| Feeling that others think that their body is poorly developed | -.03 | -.04 | -.09 | -.16 | -.59 | .18 |
| Factor 6: Outlook on life | ||||||
| Satisfied with the current life situation | .02 | .01 | .04 | -.02 | -.04 | .83 |
| Happy with life in general | -.03 | .06 | .06 | .00 | .08 | .77 |
| Happy with the way things are | .10 | .01 | .03 | -.12 | .07 | .65 |
| Factor correlation | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | Factor 5 | Factor 6 |
| Factor 1 | - | .56 | .47 | .40 | .43 | .42 |
| Factor 2 | - | .44 | .37 | .47 | .50 | |
| Factor 3 | - | .36 | .36 | .37 | ||
| Factor 4 | - | .24 | .34 | |||
| Factor 5 | - | .43 | ||||
| Factor 6 | - | |||||
| α | .89 | .89 | .88 | .83 | .83 | .84 |
Extraction method is principle factor analysis using Promax rotation with Kaiser normalization.
Factor loadings greater than 0.40 are shown in boldface.
MMQL-AF: Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life Survey of Health - Adolescent Form., α: Cronbach’s coefficient.