Table 2.
AAD (32,33) | GRAPPA (31) | EULAR (30) | |
---|---|---|---|
Mild | Step 1. NSAIDs | NSAIDs | NSAIDs |
Step 2. conventional DMARD | |||
Moderate | Step 1. conventional DMARD | Step 1. conventional DMARD | Step 1. NSAIDs |
Step 2. combination DMARD/TNF inhibitor | Step 2. combination DMARD/TNF inhibitor | Step 2. methotrexate | |
Step 3. switch to different DMARD | |||
Severe or high risk† | Combination synthetic DMARD/TNF inhibitor or other biologic agent | TNF inhibitor | Step 1. methotrexate |
Step 2. different DMARD or TNF inhibitor (axial disease, high risk) | |||
Step 3. begin (or switch) to different biologic agent, combination + DMARD |
PsA = psoriatic arthritis; AAD = American Academy of Dermatology; GRAPPA = Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis; EULAR = European League Against Rheumatism; NSAIDs = nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; DMARD = disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.
High risk refers to patients with adverse prognostic factors, including ≥5 active joints, high functional impairment, radiographic damage, or past glucocorticoid use.