Table 4.

Multivariable Cox regression analysis of diabetes-related (n = 20,706) hospitalisations vs. non-diabetes-related (n = 20,083) hospitalisation

Risk factors*	No. of events	Person-years at risk	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Adjusted HR (95% CI)†
Diabetes-related hospitalisation in previous year (yes vs. no)	1301	10,700	2.03 (1.96–2.10)	1.70 (1.63–1.76)
eGFR (ml/min)
≥ 60	10,841	82,000	Reference	Reference
31–59	8806	46,000	1.47 (1.43–1.52)	1.17 (1.13–1.20)
≤ 30	1059	2800	2.93 (2.75–3.12)	1.71 (1.59–1.84)
Prior amputation (yes vs. no)	446	1680	1.73 (1.58–1.89)	1.38 (1.26–1.52)
Diagnosis of chronic renal insufficiency (yes vs. no)	874	2540	2.29 (2.15–2.45)	1.34 (1.25–1.45)
Insulin treatment (yes vs. no)	4115	19,100	1.47 (1.42–1.51)	1.26 (1.22–1.31)
Diagnosis of hypoglycaemia (yes vs. no)	1301	6140	1.39 (1.32–1.47)	1.09 (1.03–1.15)
HbA1c (%) – 1 unit change	20,706	130,858	1.07 (1.06–1.08)	1.08 (1.07–1.09)
Age (year) – 1 unit change	20,706	130,858	1.03 (1.02–1.03)	1.02 (1.02–1.02)
Time since diagnosis (years) – 1 unit change	20,706	130,858	1.05 (1.04–1.05)	1.02 (1.01–1.02)
Male gender	11,018	69,580	0.99 (0.96–1.01)	0.93 (0.91–0.96)

^*A backwards stepwise selection process was used to identify significant covariates at the 95% level for addition to the multivariable model.

^†Adjusted for age, gender, time since diagnosis, eGFR value, prior diabetes-related hospitalisation, prior amputation, chronic renal insufficiency, insulin treatment and diagnosis of hypoglycaemia.