Table 1.

Independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis at school age

Variable	OR	95% CI
Living on a farm with animals at preschool age	0.31	0.13, 0.78
Parental allergic rhinitis	2.73	2.12, 3.52
Doctor-diagnosed food allergy first year	2.45	1.61, 3.73
Eczema first year	1.97	1.50, 2.59
Antibiotics in the first week of life	1.75	1.03, 2.97
Male gender	1.35	1.05, 1.74

Variables in the model were as follows: maternal age <25 yr, paternal education >12 yr, rural residence first year, living on a farm at preschool age, daily outdoor time, parental asthma, parental rhinitis, parental eczema, maternal medication during pregnancy, neonatal antibiotics, large for gestational age, cat in the home first year, dog in the home first year, fish consumption >1×/month first year, fermented food > 1/month, eczema first year, doctor-diagnosed food allergy first year, recurrent wheeze at 12 months of age, pacifier first year and gender.