Table II.
PTH stimulates the production of RANKL | |
PTH inhibits the production of OPG | |
IL-6 stimulates the production of RANKL | |
VAL-4 stimulates the production of IL-6 | |
TGF − β stimulates the production of IL-6 | |
SLRPs produced by mature osteoblasts suppresses the proliferation of MM cells |
RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; OPG, osteoprotegerin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta; PTH, parathyroid hormone; IL-6, interleukin-6; SLRP, small leucine-rich proteoglycan; VLA-4, very late antigen-4; MM, multiple myeloma.