Table 3.

Summary of studies inferring the distribution of scaled fitness effects, Ns, of nonsynonymous mutations

Organism	Method/dem model	–1 < Ns < 0	–10 < Ns < 1	–10 < Ns	Distribution(s) fitted	References
Human	Diffusion + complex demography	0.27	0.30	0.43	Mix of normal exponential/neutral	57
Human	EWK2009	0.35	0.09	0.56	Γ	56
Mus musculus castaneus	K&K	0.19	0	0.81	LN, Γ, β, Spikes	59
Pan troglodytes	EWK2009	0.09	0.06	0.74	Γ	76
D. melanogaster	EWK2009	0.06	0.07	0.87	Γ	56
Saccharomyces cerevisae		0.25	0.25	0.5	Γ	63
S. paradoxus		0.2	0.2	0.6
Angiosperms	EWK2009	0.1–0.35	0.05–0.15	0.7–0.8	Γ	77
Medicago truncatula	EWK2009	20–35	12–15	50–65	Γ	78

EWK200956: diffusion based, simple demographic model fitted featuring a possible step change from population size N1 to population size N2 at some time t in the past (N1, N2, and t become “nuisance parameters” estimated alongside DFE and the fraction of favorable mutations).

K&K: discrete W–F matrix based, demographic model identical to EWK2009.

Dem, demographic; LN, log normal; spikes, spikes at different Ns class values.