Table 4.

Arithmetic mean (±standard deviation) pharmacokinetic parameters

Group number	Dose concentration (mg/kg/day)	Tmax	Cmax	Cmax relative ratio	AUC	AUC relative bio-availability ratio
2	8 (1×)	1.3 ± 0.5	1.93 ± 0.60	NA	13.94 ± 6.53	NA
3	16 (2×)	1.5 ± 0.5	3.64 ± 2.19	0.83*, †	37.16 ± 31.70	1.05*, †
4	24(3×)	1.8 ± 0.5	4.03 ± 2.13	0.61*	32.07 ± 15.68	0.70*, †
5	40 (5×)	1.4 ± 0.5	3.96 ± 3.32	0.33*	28.70 ± 19.88	0.37*

C_max observed maximum cyclosporine concentration (day 182) (μg/mL).

T_max observed time to reach C_max (h).

AUC, area under the cyclosporine vs. time curve between time 0 and 24 h (Day 182) (hμg/mL).

Relative ratios are related to the 1× group and calculated using dose-normalized values.

NA, not applicable.

Statistical analysis: Significant difference of P ≤ 0.005.

^*Compared to 1× group

^†Compared to 5× group.