Table 5.
Changes in Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire scales in the three study units between T1 and T2
| Scale | ED | Ward-I | Ward-II | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (n =80) | T2 (n =87) | Diff | Hyp | T1 (n =17) | T2 (n =16) | Diff | Hyp | T1 (n = 32) | T2 (n = 25) | Diff | Hyp | |
| Quantitative demands | 44.9 (15.8) | 52.6 (16.4) | 7.7 | 1 | 38.2 (15.0) | 36.7 (15.3) | -1.6 | -1 | 45.7 (21.0) | 40.5 (15.8) | -5.2 | -1 |
| Tempo at work | 75.2 (13.4) | 74.0 (15.8) | -1.2 | 1 | 59.6 (13.6) | 64.2 (18.8) | 4.6 | -1 | 70.3 (18.7) | 64.1 (12.9) | -6.3 | -1 |
| Cognitive demands | 78.5 (12.4) | 69.4 (18.7) | -9.1 | -1 | 66.7 (16.4) | 69.4 (14.3) | 2.8 | 1 | 70.6 (13.0) | 69.8 (18.4) | -0.8 | -1 |
| Emotional demands | 52.4 (21.3) | 60.1 (16.6) | 7.7 | 0 | 55.1 (23.0) | 56.3 (22.8) | 1.1 | 0 | 50.0 (19.1) | 55.0 (21.7) | 5 | 1 |
| Hiding emotions* | 74.6 (13.0) | 67.1 (16.5) | -7.5 | 0 | 71.1 (13.2) | 70.6 (15.1) | -0.5 | 0 | 67.4 (12.6) | 69.1 (14.8) | 1.6 | 0 |
| Influence at work | 39.6 (18.7) | 38.5 (17.7) | -1.1 | 0 | 40.4 (13.6) | 50.0 (20.4) | 9.6 | 1 | 33.6 (16.3) | 45.5 (18.4) | 11.9 | 1 |
| Possibilities for development | 72.9 (22.9) | 70.8 (18.5) | -2.1 | -1 | 65.4 (15.6) | 66.7 (20.4) | 1.2 | 1 | 69.1 (14.5) | 72.4 (18.4) | 3.3 | 0 |
| Meaning of work | 86.9 (15.2) | 76.2 (16.5) | -10.7 | -1 | 79.4 (13.2) | 89.2 (10.4) | 9.8 | 1 | 81.3 (13.5) | 84.5 (11.6) | 3.3 | 0 |
| Commitment to the workplace | 69.5 (20.2) | 61.0 (20.1) | -8.4 | -1 | 59.6 (21.4) | 74.2 (16.0) | 14.6 | 1 | 51.6 (19.5) | 60.0 (17.7) | 8.4 | 1 |
| Rewards at work | 62.2 (18.7) | 60.4 (15.5) | -1.7 | 0 | 58.8 (20.6) | 75.9 (16.6) | 17.1 | 1 | 60.2 (18.9) | 66.7 (12.6) | 6.5 | 1 |
| Predictability* | 57.0 (15.7) | 52.4 (15.7) | -4.5 | -1 | 53.7 ( 9.6) | 65.8 (16.7) | 12.2 | 1 | 49.2 (13.8) | 51.5 (19.2) | 2.3 | 0 |
| Role clarity | 75.0 (14.7) | 67.2 (15.9) | -7.8 | -1 | 64.0 ( 9.8) | 80.8 (10.4) | 16.9 | 1 | 62.5 (15.9) | 68.5 (14.5) | 6 | 0 |
| Role conflicts* | 48.7 (13.5) | 52.2 (13.0) | 3.5 | -1 | 41.9 ( 9.3) | 46.3 (20.2) | 4.3 | 1 | 48.8 (12.1) | 54.1 ( 7.4) | 5.2 | 0 |
| Social support from colleagues | 80.6 (10.5) | 80.8 (13.3) | 0.2 | -1 | 73.1 (11.4) | 79.3 ( 9.6) | 6.2 | 1 | 76.5 (12.0) | 74.2 (12.1) | -2.3 | 1 |
| Social support from supervisors | 56.2 (29.7) | 62.1 (23.2) | 5.9 | -1 | 64.7 (22.6) | 78.1 (16.8) | 13.4 | 1 | 60.5 (21.3) | 58.2 (20.2) | -2.4 | 1 |
| Social community at work* | 82.2 (8.7) | 79.5 (11.5) | -2.7 | -1 | 77.3 (14.2) | 85.3 ( 8.4) | 8.1 | 1 | 80.2 (12.0) | 81.9 (10.1) | 1.7 | 1 |
| Horizontal trust* | 32.0 (14.8) | 43.0 (15.9) | 11 | 0 | 29.9 (17.4) | 26.1 (13.7) | -3.8 | 0 | 26.8 (14.2) | 25.4 (14.2) | -1.4 | 0 |
| Vertical trust | 66.0 (17.0) | 64.9 (18.0) | -1.0 | -1 | 69.1 (12.6) | 64.3 (21.3) | -4.8 | 0 | 56.3 (20.3) | 63.5 (12.7) | 7.3 | 0 |
| Justice and respect | 55.4 (15.6) | 57.9 (17.4) | 2.5 | 0 | 64.7 (14.1) | 60.0 (18.4) | -4.7 | 1 | 51.6 (15.5) | 63.5 (14.2) | 12 | 1 |
Note. Hyp = Expected direction, Diff = Numerical difference between the T1 and T2 values of the relevant scale, n denotes the number of respondents in each setting at that time. Scales denoted by an asterisk (*) were used in full while others were used partially.