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. 2014 Sep 4;33(22):2659–2675. doi: 10.15252/embj.201489039

Figure 4. The role of Arf1 in mitochondrial morphology is conserved and independent of its role in secretion.

Figure 4

A Mitochondrial morphology is affected by siRNA-based knockdown of GBF1 in HeLa cells. Confocal microscopy of fixed cells. Mitochondria are visualized with MitoTracker, and the nucleus is stained with DAPI.

B arf1-11Δarf2 causes fragmentation of mitochondria. Live confocal microscopy of yeast strains ARF1Δarf2, arf1-11Δarf2 expressing mtGFP and shifted to 37°C for 1 h. Maximum projection of an overlay of the DIC and GFP channels.

C gea1-19Δgea2 gives a similar fragmentation phenotype than arf1-11Δarf2.

D–F Analysis of yeast ts-mutants of the (D) GBF-1 homologues GEA1/2, (E) the small GTPase ARF1 and (F) the coatomer subunit SEC27 carrying a mito-GFP marker at 23°C (permissive temperature) and 37°C (restrictive temperature) by epifluorescence microscopy. For each of three independent experiments, we scored around 100 cells per genotype. Standard deviation is given.

G Mutants in COPI and COPII do not affect mitochondrial morphology. sec21-3 (COPI) and sec23-1 (COPII) displayed a wild-type-like mitochondrial morphology at 37°C. gea1-6Δgea2 shows a similar globular phenotype as gea1-19Δgea2 at 37°C.