Table 1.
The effect of cold treatment (3 weeks at 4 °C) on microspore embryogenesis (ME) induction and plant regeneration ability in triticale (× Triticosecale Witm.) anther cultures
| Parameter | ‘recalcitrant’ DH lines | ‘responsive’ DH lines | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FC | CT | FC | CT | |
| ELS/100A | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 8.5 ± 1.6 | 50.5 ± 6.6* | 98.7 ± 6.7* |
| R/100ELS | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 4.3 ±0.7 | 6.5 ± 0.8 |
| GR/100ELS | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.8* |
| R/100A | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 2.9 ± 0.5* | 6.1 ± 0.7* |
| GR/100A | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ±0.5 | 5.4± 0.8* |
Data are the means (±SE) of four DH lines of triticale identified as ‘recalcitrant’ and ‘responsive’ to ME induction and 10 biological replications for each DH line
Each Petri dish containing 100 anthers from a different spike was assumed to be one biological replication
ELS/100A the number of embryo-like structures produced per 100 anthers, R/100ELS the number of regenerated plants per 100 embryo-like structures, GR/100ELS the number of green regenerated plants per 100 embryo-like structures, R/100A the total number of regenerated plants per 100 anthers, GR/100A the number of green regenerated plants per 100 anthers
* Significant difference between ‘responsive’ and ‘recalcitrant’ DH lines according to Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (p ≤ 0.05)