Figure 2.

Experimental design. (a) Telegony experiment: Male condition was manipulated by rearing larvae on rich (high condition) or poor (low condition) larval diets. Females were mated to a male in high or low condition (‘first male’) 1 week after emergence (while their eggs were immature), and then remated to another male (‘second male’) 2 weeks later (when their eggs were mature) in a fully crossed design. Offspring from each mating combination were collected after the second mating. (b) Female differential allocation experiment: Females (1 week old) were either mated with (mating treatment), allowed to interact but not mate with (no-mating treatment), or housed adjacent to (partition treatment) a male in high or low condition. Two weeks later females were mated to a low condition male (second male) and offspring were collected.