Table 2.

Least squares mean (SE) differences for infants’ feeding, behavioral outcomes, and mothers’ perceptions: CMF versus CMF+glu meals (N=41 infants)

	Type of Formula		F-value
	CMF	CMF+glu
Infant Feeding:
Formula Meal:
Amount consumed (ml)	170.0 (10.3)	152.2 (9.0)	4.45*
Meal duration (min) a,b	10.3 (0.9)	9.3 (0.6)	3.36Ŧ
Satiation check:
Amount consumed (ml)	13.1 (3.6)	10.4 (2.5)	0.42
Behavioral Outcomes:
First quartile of formula meal:
Number of behaviors a	1.6 (0.6)	1.8 (0.5)	0.92
Number of behavior types a	1.4 (0.2)	1.6 (0.2)	1.55
Second half of formula meal:
Number of behaviors a,c	9.5 (1.1)	9.6 (1.3)	0.01
Number of behavior types a,d	4.3 (0.2)	4.6 (0.3)	0.80
Latency to first behavior (min) a,e	6.9 (0.5)	6.2 (0.4)	2.78
Latency to last behavior (min) a,b	10.3 (0.9)	9.3 (0.6)	3.36
Time elapsed between first and last behavior (min) a	3.4 (0.5)	2.9 (0.3)	1.43
Maternal Perceptions
How similar was this feed to your infant’s typical formula feeding? f	7.3 (0.3)	7.1 (0.3)	0.29
How much did your infant like the formula? g	7.4 (0.3)	7.1 (0.3)	1.06

^*p<.05;

^Ŧp<.10

Note: All analyses were adjusted for time since last fed. Analyses with amount consumed and meal duration were also adjusted for infant age.

^aDistributions were positively skewed and thus were normalized by log or square root transformations prior to analysis. Data presented are back-transformations.

^bDefined as length of time elapsed between initial acceptance of the bottle and display of the last satiation behavior for each test meal.

^cSample range = 3–35 behaviors

^dSample range = 2–9 behavior types

^eDefined as length of time elapsed between initial acceptance of the bottle and display of the first satiation behavior during the second half of each meal.

^fResponses range from 1 (not at all similar) to 9 (very similar)

^gResponses range from 1 (extreme dislike) to 5 (neutral) to 9 (extreme like)