Table 1.

Characteristics of all US adult patients aged 18–70 years who initiated treatment for ESKD during June 2005 to September 2008 by race-ethnicity

	Race or ethnicity
Characteristic1	White (N = 94 316)	Black (N = 69 761)	Asian (N = 6 674)	Hispanic (N = 33 456)	Pacific Islander (N = 1 953)	American Indian/Alaska Native (N = 2 576)
Age, mean (SD), years	55.7 (11.3)	52.1 (11.8)	54.0 (12.2)	52.6 (12.4)	53.6 (11.5)	53.1 (11.3)
Age category, %, years
18–29	3	5	5	7	4	4
30–39	7	11	9	9	10	10
40–49	15	21	16	18	18	20
50–59	30	32	29	31	31	33
60–70	45	31	40	35	37	33
Female, %	41	46	42	42	46	48
Health insurance coverage2,%
Employer group	38	28	37	21	30	17
Medicare	43	34	24	30	25	32
Medicaid	21	34	31	38	30	39
No coverage	7	15	10	17	12	8
Other coverage	19	10	17	14	20	31
Clinical measures, %
Diabetes	55	52	53	64	68	77
CVD3	45	40	32	39	41	46
Poor functional status	13	11	6	11	9	11
Tobacco use	10	9	3	3	5	8
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2	45	45	18	36	43	44
Predialysis access measures, %
Nephrology care	63	53	60	50	56	59
Prescribed ESA	31	24	33	24	30	29
Hemoglobin <10 g/dL	40	52	44	48	46	46
Serum albumin <3.5 g/dL	47	52	48	55	58	67
Zip code-level: percentage of residents living in poverty, %
<5%	19	6	19	5	9	3
5–9%	32	16	31	14	28	12
10–14%	24	18	19	16	18	13
15–19%	13	16	13	17	11	15
≥20%	9	40	14	43	13	53
Zip code-level: percentage of linguistically isolated households, %
<1%	16	8	1	1	1	9
1–4%	50	50	16	8	14	37
5–9%	15	16	17	12	17	19
10–19%	9	13	24	20	20	12
≥20%	6	10	38	54	27	19

¹Due to rounding, percentages may not total 100% for some categories.

²Health insurance coverage may sum to >100% in patients with multiple sources of coverage.

³Cardiovascular disease.