Table 3.
Summary of characteristics influencing new drug diffusion
| Prescriber characteristics (micro- and meso-level) | Practice characteristic (meso-level) | Drug characteristics (meso-level) | Patient characteristics (meso-level) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic characteristics (micro-level) | Location (urban or rural) (3/7) | Marketing budget of the pharmaceutical company assigned for the new drug (5/7) | Age (6/9) |
| Gender (7/15) | Type (solo or group/partnership) (4/7) | Overall acceptance (5/6) | Gender (1/6) |
| Age ( 9/14) | Size (2/6) | Therapeutic novelty (2/3) | Health (3/4) |
| Professional age (4/5) | Ownership (private or public), management (reformed or non-reformed), and orientation (for profit or not for profit) (3/4) | Competition (1/1) | Socioeconomic characteristics (income, education, and health insurance) (3/4) |
| Training location (4/5) | Region (1/4) | Marital status (1/2) | |
| Number of current workplaces (1/2) | Accreditation level (1/2) | ||
| Nationality (1/1) | Diagnostic and therapeutic activities (2/2) | Race/ethnicity (2/2) | |
| Scientific orientation (micro-level) | Employee composition (1/2) | ||
| Speciality (10/16) | Other (2/2) | ||
| Hospital affiliation (4/8) | |||
| Board certification (2/6) | |||
| Clinical trial participation (3/3) | |||
| CME [continuing medical education] and pharmacotherapy audit meetings (PTAMs) (2/3) | |||
| Number of professional journals read (2/3) | |||
| Perceived scientific orientation (2/3) | |||
| Specialist meetings and events (2/3) | |||
| Position (1/1) | |||
| Prescribing characteristics (meso-level) | |||
| Prescribing volume in the therapeutic class of the new drug (10/11) | |||
| Total number of patients/prescriptions (6/9) | |||
| Prescribing volume of drugs by the same pharmaceutical company (4/4) | |||
| Portfolio width (1/1) | |||
| Marketing efforts targeted at doctors (meso-level) | |||
| Detailing (4/6) | |||
| Sampling (2/2) | |||
| Direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) (1/1) | |||
| Contagion through social networks (meso-level) (5/6) |
In brackets, the number of studies where the variable was found significant in the adoption process over the number of studies assessing the impact of the variable.