Table 1.
Preoperative and Intraoperative Variables
| Variable | Patients |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Gender | |
| Male | 613 (95.8) |
| Female | 27 (4.2) |
| Mean Age (years) | 56 (±16) |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (±4.2) |
| Ethnicity (n = 499) | |
| Caucasian | 475 (95.2) |
| African American | 2 (0.4) |
| Hispanic | 11 (2.2) |
| Asian | 3 (0.6) |
| Native American | 1 (0.2) |
| Other | 7 (1.4) |
| Insurance (n = 636) | |
| Medicare | 29 (4.6) |
| Medicaid | 22 (3.5) |
| Commercial | 583 (91.7) |
| None | 2 (0.6) |
| Pre-existing conditions | |
| Medical history (n = 639) | |
| Hypertension | 65 (10.2) |
| COPD | 3 (0.5) |
| Stroke | 3 (0.5) |
| Diabetes | 11 (1.7) |
| CHF | 1 (0.2) |
| MI | 5 (0.8) |
| Other | 429 (67.1) |
| None | 122 (19.1) |
| Surgical history (n = 635) | |
| Hernia | 42 (6.6) |
| Abdominal | 21 (3.3) |
| Other | 52 (8.2) |
| None | 520 (81.9) |
| Indication for hernia | |
| Symptomatic pain | 550 (86) |
| Bulge | 90 (14) |
| Type of inguinal hernia | |
| Direct | 94 (14.7) |
| Indirect | 462 (72.2) |
| Direct and indirect | 84 (13.1) |
| Occurrence | |
| Unilateral | 440 (68.8) |
| Bilateral | 200 (31.2) |
| Side | |
| Left | 163 (25.5) |
| Right | 186 (29.1) |
| Both | 291 (45.4) |
| Recurrent hernia | 39 (6.1) |
| Operation time (min) | 43.9 (±17) |
n = 640. Characteristics of patients who underwent TEP inguinal hernia repair with self-adhesive, Velcro-type ProGrip mesh (Covidien, North Haven, CT, USA). Unless otherwise specified, data are the number of patients, with the percentage of the study sample in parentheses. Group sizes for categories that are less than the total sample are shown. The remaining categories include the total group.
Abbreviations: CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MI, myocardial infarction; TEP, totally extraperitoneal.