. 2015 Jan;28(1):50–57. doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0555

Table 1.

Total gas, pH, ammonia-nitrogen (NH₃-N) and methane (CH₄) production during in vitro rumen fermentation using different ratios of soybean meal and soluble starch

Incubation time (h)	Soybean meal: soluble starch ratio						SEM

	Control	10:0	7:3	5:5	3:7	0:10
	--------------------------------------------- Gas production (mL) ---------------------------------------
0	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.000
12	8.00^e	66.00^b	71.66^a	63.67^b	54.33^c	45.00^d	1.271
24	15.67^e	89.33^b	93.67^a	86.33^a	82.67^c	67.67^d	0.959
48	21.33^c	107.67^a	111.00^a	109.33^a	109.33^a	80.33^b	2.294
	------------------------------------------------------- pH --------------------------------------------------
0	6.46^a	6.37^b	6.40^ab	6.40^ab	6.40^ab	6.40^ab	0.020
12	6.38^a	5.79^b	5.47^c	5.43^c	5.51^c	5.55^c	0.041
24	6.42^a	5.65^b	5.16^c	5.14^c	5.13^c	4.98^d	0.028
48	6.37^a	5.68^b	5.09^c	4.81^d	4.79^d	4.74^d	0.020
	----------------------------------------- NH₃-N concentration (mM) ------------------------------------
0	4.93^b	7.62^a	7.16^ab	6.96^ab	5.18^ab	7.62^a	0.544
12	8.54^c	15.10^a	10.62^b	9.30^bc	8.57^c	6.65^d	0.475
24	9.68^cd	20.89^a	14.07^b	12.49^bc	8.30^de	5.25^e	0.375
48	16.99^b	28.75^a	15.94^b	9.62^c	8.11^c	5.80^d	0.414
	---------------------------------------------- Methane (mM) ----------------------------------------------
0	30.97	34.64	32.45	32.07	31.74	30.57	0.476
12	28.05^d	55.69^a	42.15^b	39.93^c	38.78^c	34.10^c	1.133
24	28.24^e	70.72^a	62.52^bc	67.17^ab	58.16^c	51.80^d	2.230
48	44.05^c	80.12^a	81.27^a	80.18^a	75.39^a	59.82^b	1.159

SEM, standard error of the mean.

Means with different superscripts in a row differ significantly (p<0.05).