Table 1.
Group differences for the main variables of the study.
| MDD (n = 18) | HC (n = 18) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 12F; 6M | 11F; 7M | 0.73 |
| Age (years) | 38.4 (12.1) | 30.1 (10.5) | 0.03 |
| Education | 6C; 1D; 5G; 6P | 4C; 2D; 5G; 7P | 0.85 |
| Employed | 12N; 6Y | 3N; 15Y | 0.002 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 27.4 (6.7) | 22.4 (3.0) | 0.01 |
| Ethnicity | 3AA; 5AS; 8C; 2L | 0AA; 8AS; 5C; 5L | 0.13 |
| Smoking | 15N; 3Y | 18N; 0Y | 0.07 |
| Alcohol consumption | 13N; 5Y | 16N; 2Y | 0.21 |
| Caffeine consumption | 4N; 14Y | 11N; 7Y | 0.02 |
| Exercise | 5N; 13Y | 4N; 14Y | 0.70 |
| STAXI | 19.5 (5.1) | 15.6 (5.8) | 0.04 |
| BDI | 31.1 (12.2) | 6.7 (8.6) | <0.0001 |
| CM | 30.5 (22.3) | 18.1 (6.5) | 0.03 |
| STAI | 59.5 (8.8) | 35.2 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| PSWQ | 55.0 (14.7) | 48.7 (13.3) | 0.19 |
| SRRS-PS | 356.4 (100.1) | 443.7 (154.1) | 0.05 |
| SRRS-NIS | 586.6 (120.7) | 373.9 (218.3) | 0.001 |
| SRRS-H | 302.7 (109.9) | 83.7 (94.5) | <0.0001 |
| PHQ-9 | 17.9 (6.1) | 2.4 (3.2) | <0.0001 |
| RRS | 61.4 (8.9) | 34.2 (9.9) | <0.0001 |
| Three-Item Loneliness Scale | 7.0 (1.8) | 4.6 (1.8) | <0.0001 |
| Wake HR (bpm) | 85.3 (8.2) | 77.6 (7.9) | 0.01 |
| Wake RMSSD (ms2) | 34.9 (16.9) | 46.3 (15.3) | 0.04 |
| Sleep HR (bpm) | 65.7 (8.3) | 60.2 (9.4) | 0.09 |
| Sleep RMSSD (ms2) | 41.7 (18.9) | 62.8 (33.5) | 0.04 |
| Stressful event (n) | 2.7 (2.8) | 1.3 (1.7) | 0.07 |
| Frequency of MW (n) | 4.4 (3.2) | 7.5 (5.5) | 0.05 |
| Frequency of PC (n) | 4.5 (2.5) | 2.4 (3.3) | 0.04 |
| PROMIS | 10.4 (3.1) | 12.0 (4.3) | 0.22 |
| Hours of sleep | 6.70 (1.3) | 7.26 (1.3) | 0.21 |
| Time to sleep | 25.18 (23.9) | 15.28 (14.4) | 0.14 |
| PHQ-15 | 8.7 (5.6) | 3.0 (4.4) | 0.002 |
M, Males; F, Females; C, College; D, Diploma; G, Graduate; P, Postgraduate; Y, Yes; N, No; AA, African American; AS, Asian; C, Caucasian; L, Latino; SRRS-PS, Problem Solving subscale of the SRRS; SRRS-NIS, Negative Inferential subscale of the SRRS; SRRS-H, Hopelessness subscale of the SRRS.