Table 2.

Adrenal Steroids in Hypertension

1. Hypertension caused by overproduction of mineralocorticoid hormones

Primary Aldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome)

17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (Biglieri’s syndrome)

Virilizing adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta hydroxylase deficiency

Cushing’s syndrome

Non-endocrine ACTH producing tumors

Adrenocortical carcinoma

Iatrogenic (i.e., anovulatory pills, licorice, glucocorticoids, excess salt intake)

2. Hypertension associated with overproduction of mineralocorticoids

Malignant hypertension

Hypertension in terminal renal failure

True renovascular hypertension

Essential hypertension

Liddle’s syndrome

3. Congenital enzymatic defects associated with hypertension

17-alpha hydroxylase deficiency

11-beta hydroxylase deficiency

Adapted from reference ⁶.