Table 1.
Pre-reformulation (average per quarter) | Post-reformulation (average per quarter) | Change (post–pre) % | 95%CI | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extended-release oxycodone | |||||
All exposures | 692.8 | 509.4 | −26 | (−28, −20) | <0.0001 |
–Intentional | 390.5 | 292.5 | −25 | (−26, −16) | <0.0001 |
–Abuse | 130.3 | 83.3 | −36 | (−40, −23) | <0.0001 |
–Suspected suicide | 182.3 | 143.1 | −21 | (−26, −10) | <0.0001 |
–Misuse | 51.3 | 40.4 | −21 | (−29, 2) | 0.0076 |
–Unintentional | 242.5 | 180.9 | −25 | (−31, −18) | <0.0001 |
–Misuse | 5.3 | 3.9 | −26 | (−58, 37) | 0.2826 |
–General | 75.0 | 45.9 | −39 | (−49, −29) | <0.0001 |
–Therapeutic errors | 161.3 | 129.4 | −20 | (−26, −9) | <0.0001 |
–Adverse reactions | 29.8 | 19.5 | −34 | (−50, −17) | 0.0005 |
–Withdrawal | 13.5 | 4.5 | −67 | (−74, −37) | <0.0001 |
–Unknown | 42.8 | 38.3 | −11 | (−24, 12) | 0.244 |
Other single-entity oxycodone | |||||
All exposures | 1448.8 | 1670.3 | 15 | (12, 20) | <0.0001 |
–Intentional | 887.5 | 1042.4 | 17 | (14, 24) | <0.0001 |
–Abuse | 228.5 | 273.4 | 20 | (13, 33) | <0.0001 |
–Suspected suicide | 477.8 | 553.4 | 16 | (10, 23) | <0.0001 |
–Misuse | 104.0 | 119.6 | 15 | (5, 34) | 0.0172 |
–Unintentional | 427.8 | 471.4 | 10 | (3, 16) | 0.0009 |
–Misuse | 8.5 | 12.0 | 41 | (2, 129) | 0.0840 |
–General | 189.5 | 189.4 | 0 | (−9, 10) | 0.9882 |
–Therapeutic errors | 223.0 | 264.5 | 19 | (7, 26) | <0.0001 |
–Adverse reactions | 74.3 | 85.8 | 15 | (1, 34) | 0.0382 |
–Withdrawal | 14.3 | 14.9 | 4 | (−26, 44) | 0.7899 |
–Unknown | 125.3 | 153.6 | 23 | (11, 36) | 0.0005 |
Heroin | |||||
All exposures | 587.3 | 806.5 | 37 | (22, 35) | <0.0001 |
–Intentional | 527.3 | 726.1 | 38 | (22, 36) | <0.0001 |
–Abuse | 355.8 | 505.1 | 42 | (24, 41) | <0.0001 |
–Suspected suicide | 100.8 | 130.4 | 29 | (9, 39) | <0.0001 |
–Misuse | 46.5 | 60.4 | 30 | (3, 47) | 0.0025 |
–Unintentional | 28.0 | 34.5 | 23 | (−6, 49) | 0.0624 |
–Misuse | 2.0 | 3.5 | 75 | (−61, 107) | 0.1627 |
–General | 22.3 | 27.0 | 21 | (−6, 57) | 0.1245 |
–Therapeutic errors | 0.8 | 0.6 | −17 | (−83, 498) | 0.8029 |
–Adverse reactions | 2.0 | 7.9 | 294 | (60, 629) | 0.0003 |
–Withdrawal | 15.8 | 18.1 | 15 | (−28, 37) | 0.3520 |
–Unknown | 35.0 | 44.5 | 27 | (5, 55) | 0.0161 |