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. 2014 Dec 24;9:241–272. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S71106

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© 2015 Zhang et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Effects of Coff/Caff plus Mel on intracellular ROS levels in N2a/APP cells treated with regimen 1.

Notes: N2a/APP cells were treated with Coff (A) or Caff (B) at 10 μM for 12 hours in the day, followed by Mel at 1, 5, or 10 μM for another 12 hours in the night. Intracellular ROS level was determined using CM-H₂DCFDA as the probe. *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001, by one-way ANOVA.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; APP, amyloid precursor protein; Caff, caffeine; CM-H₂DCFDA, 6-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; Coff, coffee; Mel, melatonin; N2a, Neuro-2a; ROS, reactive oxygen species.