Table 3.
Major themes (N = 33)
| Themes (≥7 participants) | n | |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise topics | ||
| Safe exercises | Walking | 32 |
| Swimming | 21 | |
| Yoga | 11 | |
| Biking | 10 | |
| Unsafe exercises | Running or jogging | 18 |
| Lifting heavy objects | 12 | |
| Sit-ups or crunches | 10 | |
| Push-ups or pull-ups | 8 | |
| Barriers to exercise | Fatigue | 21 |
| Pain | 20 | |
| Nausea | 18 | |
| Laziness | 15 | |
| Lack of childcare support | 10 | |
| Workplace | 10 | |
| Risks of exercise | Falling | 13 |
| Premature labor | 11 | |
| Miscarriage | 10 | |
| Umbilical cord around baby’s neck | 7 | |
| Motivators and benefits of exercise |
Limiting pregnancy weight gain | 23 |
| Improves maternal health | 20 | |
| Easier labor | 19 | |
| Postpartum weight loss | 17 | |
| Support from family/friends | 13 | |
| Strategies and enablers of exercise |
Living in safe environment | 19 |
| Enjoyment | 14 | |
| Availability of parks | 11 | |
| Support from family | 10 | |
| Nutrition topics | ||
| Barriers to healthy eating | Cravings | 22 |
| Availability of fast food | 14 | |
| Unhealthy food at the workplace | 13 | |
| Seeing others eat unhealthy foods | 9 | |
| Risks of unhealthy eating | Unhealthy baby | 15 |
| Development of diabetes | 9 | |
| Development of heart disease | 8 | |
| Excessive gestational weight gain | 7 | |
| Motivators and benefits of healthy eating |
Healthy baby | 28 |
| Weight control | 15 | |
| Improves maternal health | 14 | |
| Prevention of chronic diseases | 12 | |
| Support from family | 8 | |
| Strategies and enablers to healthy eating |
Substituting healthier options | 12 |
| Planning ahead | 11 | |
| Availability of grocery stores | 10 | |
| Support from family | 8 |