Table 3.
Accuracy Estimates from Subgroup Analysis.
| Variable | Subgroups (no of studies/data points) | Pooled sensitivity (95% CI), % | Pooled specificity (95% CI), % | Positive LR (95% CI) | Negative LR (95% CI) | DOR (95% CI) | I2¥ | p Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All studies | 27 studies/76 data points | 97.1 (96.1–97.9) | 99.9 (99.8–100) | 118.4 (84.7–165.5) | 0.032 (0.023–0.045) | 4094.7 (2504.1–6600.8) | 66% | – |
| Abstracts excluded | 25 full text studies/74 data points | 97.1 (96.0–97.9) | 99.9 (99.8–100) | 126.6 (90.2–177.8) | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | 4327.2 (2753.2–6800.9) | 66% | – |
| Year | Prior 2005 (12/25) | 97.1 (95.2–98.2) | 99.0 (98.4–99.4) | 93.4 (56.8–153.6) | 0.023 (0.012–0.044) | 5931.9 (2393.4–14703.4) | 74% | Reference |
| After 2005 (15/51) | 95.4 (91.1–97.5) | 99.3 (98.9–99.5) | 129.1 (84.4–196.1) | 0.038 (0.029–0.050) | 3501.5 (2016.6–6079.2) | 59% | 0.39 | |
| Location of Testb | Developing Countries (20/39) | 94.3 (89.8–96.4) | 99.1 (98.4–99.5) | 72.2 (48.4–109.3) | 0.049 (0.032–0.077) | 1467.7 (762.8–2824.1) | 69% | Reference |
| Developed Countries (6/36) | 97.0 (96.2–97.7) | 99.4 (99.0–99.6) | 193.5 (115.8–323.6) | 0.018 (0.012–0.036) | 9812.7 (6467.3.0–14888.7) | 0% | <0.001 | |
| Reference Test | EIA/ELISA/MEIA alone (21/34) | 94.1 (90.6–96.3) | 98.9 (98.4–99.3) | 82.9 (55.5–123.7) | 0.060 (0.037–0.098) | 1663.7 (745.3–3714.0) | 76% | Reference |
| Neutralization/NAT test (6/42) | 97.0 (96.4–97.5) | 99.5 (99.1–99.7) | 185.5 (104.5–329.2) | 0.018 (0.014–0.023) | 7179.6 (4901.5–10497.3) | 0% | <0.001 | |
| Study design | Cross sectional (13/18) | 95.4 (93.3–96.8) | 99.3 (98.8–99.8) | 129.9 (84.9–196.7) | 0.078 (0.043–0.140) | 3111.7 (984.6–9833.7) | 81% | Reference |
| Case control (14/58) | 97.1 (95.2–98.2) | 99.0 (98.4–99.4) | 93.9 (56.4–153.2) | 0.021 (0.016–0.026) | 4373.0 (2656.9–7197.7) | 54% | 0.63 | |
| Source of serac | Hospital/Clinics (13/23) | 96.2 (94.0–97.6) | 99.5 (99.1–99.7) | 188.0 (103.1–344.0) | 0.027 (0.014–0.60) | 7052.4 (3063.5–16238.3) | 64% | Reference |
| Blood Banks (7/36) | 97.1 (95.9–97.9) | 99.4 (99.0–99.6) | 157.2 (94.9–260.4) | 0.015 (0.012–0.020) | 9974.1 (5115.8–12429.4) | 0% | 0.36 | |
| CRS¥ | No CRS¥ (23/70) | 95.9 (94.4–97.1) | 99.1 (98.8–99.4) | 107.6 (76.6–151.2) | 0.033 (0.024–0.047) | 3619.5 (2217–5908.4) | 66% | Reference |
| HIV Clinics with CRS¥ (4/6) | 96.2 (93.1–97.9) | 99.8 (99.4–99.9) | 493.6 (1594.7-1527.9) | 0.019 (0.006–0.059) | 24709.4 (6264.0–97467.0) | 0% | 0.18 | |
| Score | ≤15 (19/39) | 93.7 (89.9–96.2) | 99.0 (98.5–99.4) | 91.5 (58.6–142.8) | 0.053 (0.035–0.081) | 1838.4 (915.8–3690.2) | 74% | Reference |
| >15 (6/35) | 97.0 (96.5–97.5) | 99.5 (99.1–99.7) | 185.2 (107.8–318.3) | 0.012 (0.009–0.016) | 10414.9 (6464.8–16778.6) | 0% | <0.001 |
LR = Likelihood ratio, DOR = Diagnostic Odds Ratio, I2¥ = inconsistency index test for heterogeneity (<25 = low, >25–50% = moderate; >50–75% = substantial & >75% = considerable statistical heterogeneity), CRS¥ = cross reactive sera.
a
p Value determined from meta-regression model.
b
Location of one study (Reference 29) not known.
c
Source of sera of 7 studies (Ref 20, 22, 29, 30, 34, 40, 41) not known.