Table 2.

Patient demographics and clinical characteristics by Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study phase

Patient Characteristics	DOPPS Phase
	Phase 1	Phase 2	Phase 3	Phase 4
Number of patients	7615	7142	8559	12,339
Age, yr	59.7±14.9	62.6±14.5	63.9±14.2	64.1±14.7
Men	57.0	57.7	58.9	59.1
Black	20.8	10.0	7.9	14.2
Body mass index, kg/m2	23.9±5.3	24.6±5.6	25.0±5.8	26.6±6.5
Time on dialysis, yra	2.8 [1.2–5.8]	2.9[1.3–5.6]	2.5 [0.9–5.8]	2.6 [0.9–5.5]
Fistula	52.6	62.5	65.7	62.5
Graft	31.0	16.1	10.4	10.7
Catheter	11.2	16.1	18.9	23.0
Diabetes	29.9	31.3	35.4	41.8
Coronary arterial disease	38.0	46.1	52.5	36.5
Congestive heart failure	32.1	29.8	40.1	28.6
Cerebrovascular disease	15.4	17.5	17.9	14.4
Peripheral arterial disease	22.3	26.8	28.8	26.1
Hypertension	76.3	78.8	81.2	81.5
Other cardiovascular disease	33.4	35.6	37.2	26.5
Recurrent cellulitis	7.8	8.2	8.5	9.9
Cancer (other than skin)	8.1	11.7	13.0	12.2
Gastrointestinal bleeding	7.2	6.0	5.4	4.4
Lung disease	9.7	11.2	12.9	12.5
Neurologic disease	8.3	11.4	11.7	10.2
Psychiatric disorder	20.7	19.7	11.9	15.9
Hemoglobin, g/dl	10.6±1.6	11.3±1.6	11.5±1.5	11.3±1.4
Serum albumin, g/dl	3.8±0.5	3.7±0.5	3.8±0.5	3.7±0.5
Serum creatinine, mg/dl	10.0±3.2	9.2±3.0	8.8±3.0	8.4±3.0
Serum calcium, mg/dl	9.4±0.9	9.4±0.9	9.1±0.8	9.0±0.8
Serum phosphorus, mg/dl	5.8±1.8	5.6±1.8	5.3±1.7	5.2±1.6
Parathyroid hormone, pg/mla	149 [64–324]	169 [78–333]	203 [106–366]	236 [131–401]
Phosphate binder (any)b	84.8	86.2	85.1	80.3
Phosphate binder (calcium-based)	NA	67.5	57.3	47.5
Phosphate binder (noncalcium-based)	NA	17.7	27.3	49.4
Untreated patients	23.2	30.1	16.8	13.0

Data are shown as mean±SD or percentage. Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) phase 1: 1996–2001; phase 2: 2002–2004; phase 3: 2005–2008; phase 4: 2009–2011. NA, not applicable.

^aMedian [interquartile range].

^bIncludes calcium-based, noncalcium-based, or both. Type of phosphate binder (calcium-based or noncalcium-based) was not available in DOPPS phase 1.