Fig. 3.

PSMC demographic inference and population models. (A) Demographic profile of the horse lineage over the past 2 My as inferred from bootstrapped PSMC analyses. (B) Population model assuming admixture between the descending population of ancient horses and the population that gave rise to domesticated horses [split times in kya (Kyr)]. ANC, ancient horse population; DOM, population of domesticated horses; PRZ, Przewalski’s horse population. (C) Alternative population model assuming the presence of ancestral population structure in these populations. Lower boundaries for population split times are derived from approximate Bayesian computation and display the full range of modes observed across the analyses performed (SI Appendix, Table S20).