TABLE 2 ] .
Cytokine Levels According to Whether There Was a Pathogen-Specific Bacterial 16S qPCR PPM Detected
| Cytokine, pg/mL | qPCR PPM Negative (n = 28) | qPCR PPM Positive (n = 92) | P Value |
| IL-1β | 45 (30-68) | 142 (93-217) | < .01 |
| IL-5 | 1.3 (0.7-2.3) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | .58 |
| IL-6 | 292 (162-527) | 331 (236-464) | .73 |
| IL-8 | 3,104 (1,940-4,965) | 3,707 (2,916-4,712) | .49 |
| IL-10 | 0.3 (0.2-0.5) | 1.8 (1.2-2.7) | < .01 |
| TNF-α | 2.2 (1.1-4.2) | 7.2 (4.6-11.5) | < .01 |
| TNFRI | 834 (573-1,213) | 1,222 (1,003-1,489) | .07 |
| CCL2 | 605 (426-860) | 548 (441-682) | .66 |
| CCL3 | 70 (47-105) | 74 (58-94) | .83 |
| CCL4 | 957 (607-1,510) | 989 (737-1,327) | .91 |
| CCL5 | 3.2 (1.8-5.7) | 4.4 (3.5-5.5) | .23 |
| CCL13 | 47 (31-71) | 26 (20-34) | .03 |
| CCL17 | 33 (20-55) | 23 (17-30) | .21 |
| CXCL10 | 404 (260-627) | 252 (188-337) | .12 |
Data presented as geometric mean (95% CI). TNF = tumor necrosis factor. See Table 1 legend for expansion of other abbreviations.