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. 2015 Jan 6;8:1016. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.01016

Table 1.

Professional characteristics of musicians according with the presence of chronic pain: type of instrument, years of practice and average hours of daily practice.

Musicians Chronic pain (n = 17) Pain-free (n = 30)
Keyboard (n) 0 1
Strings (n) 7 6
Plucking instruments(n) 6 7
Woodwinds instruments (n) 4 4
Brass instruments (n) 0 12
Years of practice (mean ± SD) 21 ± 8.0 20 ± 8.7
Average hours of daily practice (mean ± SD) 4.5 ± 2.2 4.3 ± 1.1