Table 2.

Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of musicians and non-musicians according with the presence of chronic pain.

	Musicians		Non-musicians
	Chronic pain (n = 17)	Pain-free (n = 30)	Chronic pain (n = 18)	Pain-free (n = 20)
Age (y)	30.2 ± 9.4	27.5 ± 8.9	32.8 ± 8.7	28.2 ± 5.1
Gender (F/M)	7/10	10/20	8/10	7/10
Dominant hand (L/R)	3/14	1/29	1/17	2/18
Pain rating (0–10)	3.5 ± 1.6	N/A	3.2 ± 2.1	NA
Duration of pain (years)	10.3 ± 9.5	N/A	8.1 ± 4.6	NA
Depression	9.3 ± 5.9	6.3 ± 4.9	10.9 ± 9.5	4.6 ± 5.2
State anxiety	18.6 ± 11.7	10.1 ± 6.0	14.0 ± 9.2	10.9 ± 7.7
Trait anxiety	23.1 ± 9.6	15.2 ± 8.5	20.7 ± 9.9	16.4 ± 9.2
WHYMPI
Social support	3.0 ± 2.0	N/A	3.0 ± 1.4	N/A
Affective distress	0.9 ± 1.2	N/A	1.5 ± 1.2	N/A
Interference social activities	0.9 ± 1.1	N/A	1.5 ± 1.3	N/A
Interference daily activities	2.5 ± 1.0	N/A	2.5 ± 1.1	N/A
Pain intensity	2.0 ± 1.2	N/A	2.5 ± 0.9	N/A
Life control	3.4 ± 1.4	N/A	3.9 ± 1.0	N/A
Distracting responses	2.8 ± 1.2	N/A	2.4 ± 1.0	N/A
Solicitous responses	1.8 ± 1.2	N/A	1.9 ± 0.9	N/A
Punishing responses	0.9 ± 1.1	N/A	0.3 ± 0.4	N/A
Household chores	2.9 ± 1.2	N/A	3.1 ± 0.7	N/A
Activity away from home	2.4 ± 1.2	N/A	2.7 ± 0.7	N/A
Outdoor work	1.9 ± 1.7	N/A	1.9 ± 1.0	N/A
Social activities	2.1 ± 1.1	N/A	2.7 ± 0.7	N/A

Values are mean ± SD or as otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; L, left; R, right; N/A, not applicable.